China’s proposal of the Global Governance Initiative (GGI):
China has reiterated its four global initiatives—with the Global Governance Initiative (GGI) at the core—as a people-centred framework for peace, security, and development.
- The Global Governance Initiative (GGI) is China’s proposal to reform and improve the existing global governance system so that it becomes more inclusive, representative, and people-centred, ensuring that all nations and peoples benefit from globalisation and international cooperation.
- Four major proposals:
- Global Development Initiative (GDI): Focuses on shared and inclusive development, poverty reduction, livelihood protection, and equitable access to growth, ensuring development outcomes directly benefit people.
- Global Security Initiative (GSI): Advocates common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security, emphasising peaceful dialogue, respect for sovereignty, and non-interference to ensure stability.
- Global Civilization Initiative (GCI): Promotes mutual respect among civilisations, cultural dialogue, and rejection of civilisational superiority, recognising diversity as a strength of humanity.
- Global Governance Initiative (GGI): Calls for people-centred global governance, greater participation of developing countries, reform of international institutions, and cooperation on climate change, AI, finance, and trade.
