India’s Infrastructure Transformation:
India’s infrastructure landscape has undergone a major transformation over the past 12 years, with integrated planning and large-scale expansion across transport, logistics, housing and water infrastructure.
- This transformation has been supported by a sharp rise in public capital expenditure, from about ₹2 lakh crore in FY 2014–15 to ₹12.2 lakh crore in FY 2026–27, strengthening connectivity, access to essential services and the foundations for sustained economic growth.
- The railway budget increased from around ₹32,000 crore in 2014–15 to ₹2.78 lakh crore in FY 2026–27, enabling greater investment in infrastructure, safety and modernisation.
- Rail electrification increased from about 20% before 2014 to 99.6% by July 2026, supporting lower dependence on diesel and more energy-efficient operations.
- Indian Railways is operating 162 Vande Bharat, 2 Vande Bharat Sleeper and 72 Amrit Bharat services, expanding faster and more modern passenger connectivity.
- The indigenous Kavach Version 4.0 Automatic Train Protection system had been commissioned on 2,633 route km by July 2026, strengthening collision prevention and operational safety.
- The Mumbai–Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail Corridor is being developed over approximately 508 km with a design speed of 350 kmph, marking India’s entry into high-speed passenger rail.
- Under the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme, 1,340 stations have been identified for redevelopment, of which 261 stations had been completed by 18 July 2026.
- India launched its first indigenously developed Hydrogen Fuel Cell Trainset in July 2026. The 10-coach train with capacity for around 2,600 passengers is designed for the Jind–Sonipat section and produces water vapour and heat as by-products.
