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India’s Trade with Afghanistan and Nepal

Kumari Sonali

India’s Trade with Afghanistan and Nepal:

India recorded an unusual trade deficit with Afghanistan in the year 2023-24. In another development, soybean oil imports from Nepal surged 14-fold (April-November 2024), possibly due to rule-of-origin (RoO) violations.India’s exports to Afghanistan fell from USD 825.78 million in 2020-21 to USD 355.45 million in 2023-24, while imports rose from USD 509.49 million in 2020-21 to a record USD 642.29 million in 2023-24. Agricultural products like figs, asafoetida, raisins, apples, garlic, saffron, almonds, onions, pomegranates, and walnuts dominate. Nepal: India’s total soybean oil imports rose by 19% to nearly USD 3 billion (April-November 2024) from USD 2.5 billion in 2023. Rule-of-Origin Violation: Nepal imports 98% crude edible oil, refines it, and exports it to India indicating duty structure exploitation.

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