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United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: The world has gathered at the city of Belem in the Brazilian state of Para for the 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). UNFCCC is the principal global treaty for coordinating international responses to climate change. It provides […]

COP30 – UN Climate Summit 2025

COP30 – UN Climate Summit 2025: The 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the UNFCCC began in Belém, Brazil, marking the decade since the Paris Agreement and focusing on translating global climate commitments into concrete implementation. COP30 is the annual UN Climate Conference under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), where nations […]

Centre Notifies New Deep-Sea Fishing Rules for EEZ

Centre Notifies New Deep-Sea Fishing Rules for EEZ: The Government of India has notified new deep-sea fishing rules for operations within its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), covering over 23 lakh square kilometres of marine territory. Announced on November 4, 2025, these rules aim to unlock high-value marine resources—particularly tuna—while empowering local fishers, cooperatives, and safeguarding […]

Mussels as Bioindicators

Mussels as Bioindicators: Mussels are being used as bioindicators to monitor microplastic and chemical pollution in the Saronic Gulf of Greece. Mussels are bivalve mollusks ( shell-bearing invertebrates with two hinged shells). They are found in both marine (family Mytilidae) and freshwater (family Unionidae) environments. They occur worldwide, especially in cooler seas, and are an […]

The Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) Initiative

The Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) Initiative: At COP30 in Belém, Brazil, India joined the Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) as an Observer, welcoming it as a major step in global efforts to conserve tropical forests through innovative, market-driven finance. The TFFF is a blended-finance mechanism aimed at incentivising countries to prevent deforestation and degradation […]