COP30 and Global Climate Diplomacy:
The upcoming 30th Conference of Parties (COP30) to the UNFCCC, scheduled for November 2025 in Belém, Brazil, comes amid heightened climate anxiety — the 1.5°C target slipping away, the U.S. withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, and growing scepticism over multilateral climate processes.
- COP30 marks a shift from target-setting to implementation and financing mechanisms.
- The Brazilian Presidency has declared it the “COP of Action,” focusing on deploying funds and practical solutions rather than new promises.
- Developed nations are expected to scale up climate finance to billion annually by 2035, up from the long-standing billion goal. The focus is now on allocation efficiency between mitigation and adaptation.
- A proposed roadmap aims to mobilize trillion in climate finance by 2035 through public-private coordination and innovative green instruments.
- The Amazon and Beyond: Hosting COP in Belém, gateway to the Amazon, underlines Brazil’s intent to integrate forest conservation, biodiversity protection, and indigenous participation in climate policy.
- Developing countries are set to push back against the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), arguing for climate equity and fair trade, while promoting voluntary carbon markets and green industrialization.
