Fluoride Contamination : Survey
Fluoride contamination was detected in three districts of Kerala.
- According to the State Environment department, the source of contamination is likely geogenic, meaning these constituents are naturally present in the rock or soil matrix and enter groundwater through various chemical processes.
- Fluoride contamination in water is a critical issue worldwide.
- While fluoride is essential for dental health at low concentrations, excessive exposure can lead to health problems.
- Fluoride is naturally present in water and certain foods. It plays a crucial role in preventing tooth decay.
- However, when fluoride levels exceed 1.5 mg/L, it becomes toxic to humans.
- According to the Bureau of Indian Standards, the maximum permissible limit of arsenic in groundwater meant for drinking is 0.01 mg/l, while the corresponding limit of fluoride is 1.0 mg/l, which can be extended to 1.5 mg/l in case no alternative source of water is available.
- Excessive fluoride causes dental fluorosis, characterized by staining, pitting, and weakening of tooth enamel.
- Chronic exposure leads to skeletal fluorosis, affecting bones and joints.
- High fluoride levels may impact the nervous system.
